高尔夫球手地方依恋符号性元素的识别与运用

运用隐喻抽取技术对高尔夫球手地方依恋的符号性元素进行了识别与定量研究。结果表明,高尔夫球手地方依恋有22个符号性元素,这些元素可分为风格、地理、参与、接待和文化五类,它们给球手带来"友谊"、"健康"、"愉悦"、"品质高"、"风景美"的终极体验。经营者要充分利用符号性元素的意义,着重打造球场基础设施、园林景观、服务接待和球会文化;积极挖掘联结构念的耦合价值,实现球手与球场的符号互动;主动创设高尔夫球手游憩氛围情境,避免球手地方依恋的中断或转移;结合球会自身特点,适时进行符号化运作。     

海南岛甘什岭热带低地雨林植物组成与地理成分

为揭示海南岛甘什岭热带低地雨林区域植物群落特征、性质和规律,以期为进一步分析生物多样性保育与恢复策略及生态服务功能评估等提供科学依据,在海南岛南部甘什岭自然保护区选择典型低地雨林建立1 hm~2固定样地,进行立地因子和植被调查,并研究其物种组成与地理成分。结果表明:维管植物隶属于65科150属213种,种子植物63科148属211种,分别占海南岛和全国种子植物总科、属、种的32.66%、19.29%,13.56%、4.69%和7.65%、0.78%~0.81%;优势科明显,单种科36个,寡种科24个,共占总科数的92.31%;属内种的变化范围为1~6,单种属最多,占总数的76.00%;科和属的分布区类型均以泛热带分布为主,热带性质占绝对优势,这不同于尖峰岭山地雨林热带-亚热带过度性明显的特点;根据种-面积曲线研究表明,甘什岭热带低地雨林最小取样面积为范围在3 600~6 400 m~2之间,其上限高于海南岛霸王岭热带山地雨林的4 000 m~2最小面积;相较于山地雨林,其植物种类较丰富,地理成分更复杂。     

秦岭南麓新分布小太平鸟迁徙期食性初步观察

2011-2013年冬季,作者采用分组全天跟踪的方法,调查小太平鸟迁徙期活动特征和食性。结果证明:小太平鸟冬季由北向南成群迁徙过程中,会在某个生境优良的区域停留取食9~15日、成群活动在树冠上部。小太平鸟在迁徙期停留区域取食植物果实种类有20种,有人工栽培树种果实,也有野生树种果实。今后应持续迁移路线、停歇地、种群动态监测。     

马铃薯种植栽培管理技术要点研究

在粮食作物中，马铃薯属于关键，诸多国家都是马铃薯产国，我国马铃薯种植栽培面积也十 分广泛，所以，需要针对于马铃薯特征全面普及其种植与栽培技术，以此来保障马铃薯总产量。     

翁源青云山自然保护区维管束植物区系特征分析

青云山省级自然保护区位于韶关翁源县的东南部,本研究在查阅文献、历史标本的基础上,对本区进行全面踏查、标本采集并鉴定,从而进行植物物种多样性编目和区系分析。结果表明：青云山自然保护区有维管束植物1336种（含种下分类单位）,其中石松类和蕨类植物132种,隶属于62属24科,裸子植物6种,隶属于4属4科,被子植物1198种,隶属于588属148科;本区的表征科主要以樟科（Lauraceae）、壳斗科（Fagaceae）、冬青科（Aquifoliaceae）等为主。植物区系地理组成复杂,主要以热带、亚热带为主,且热带、亚热带的过渡性质明显。从中国特有种的分布情况来看,该地区与湖南南部、广西东北部、江西西南部联系较为紧密,体现了南岭山脉植物区系的一致性与整体性;珍稀濒危植物共计48种;植被具有中亚热带向南亚热带过渡的特征。青云山自然保护区植物物种丰富度高、植被类型多样,建议将园洞、青山口等珍稀濒危植物分布较集中的地区列为优先保护区域。     

磷硫配施对冬小麦硒吸收及转运的影响

为了探讨磷硫配施对冬小麦产量、硒的吸收及转运的影响，为生产富硒小麦或合理调控小麦硒含量提供理论依据，采用盆栽试验，设置不同磷、硫水平，在小麦成熟期测定产量及植株各部位硒含量。结果表明：硫磷的配合施用能显著提高冬小麦产量，S0.1P0.4处理下冬小麦产量最高。除颖壳外，冬小麦各部位硒含量最高值都出现在S0P0处理。不论施硫与否，施磷均能显著降低冬小麦各部位硒含量，提高小麦植株硒累积量，促进冬小麦茎叶向颖壳的硒迁移，降低根向茎叶、颖壳向籽粒的硒迁移系数，还会减小籽粒的硒分配。单独施硫会降低植株的硒累积量，促进冬小麦根向茎叶、茎叶向颖壳的硒迁移，降低颖壳向籽粒的硒迁移系数，低硫处理能增加小麦籽粒的硒分配，高硫处理则降低了籽粒的硒分配。S0P0.2处理能显著提高籽粒硒累积量，而高浓度的磷硫配施会降低籽粒硒累积量；S0.1P0和S0.1P0.2处理籽粒硒分配较大,分别是45.3%和44.8%。因此，硫磷的合理配施能显著提高小麦产量，低硫（S0.1）高磷（P0.4）处理增产最显著。低硫（S0.1）低磷（P0.2）处理能更有效地增加植株硒累积量，增强硒在籽粒中的累积。     

Anthropogenically disturbed potentially toxic elements in roadside topsoils of a suburban region of Bishkek,Central Asia

The ecological environment in Central Asia is vulnerable to pressure from human activity due to the physical geography and climatic fragility of this region. A set of indicators suitable for the future assessment of this pressure needs to be proposed. Thirty‐six topsoil samples (0–5 cm) were collected from roadsides in a suburban region of Bishkek, the capital of the Kyrgyz Republic in Central Asia, and a risk assessment of anthropogenically disturbed potentially toxic elements (PTEs) was systematically conducted with classic statistical methods. The results of detrended correspondence analysis and principal component analysis clearly showed that topsoil samples with high contents of PTEs (Pb, Zn and Cu) were strongly affected by traffic within a distance threshold of 200 m and that anthropogenic effects decreased significantly with increasing distance from the highway. The enrichment factor and anthropogenic contribution for Pb were the highest among the three PTEs, with average values of 2.0% and 47.4%, respectively, suggesting enrichment. However, the results of the human health risk assessment also indicated that noncarcinogenic risks did not occur for any of the anthropogenic PTEs. The reported method provides a new systematic pathway to reveal anthropogenic influences on the geochemical composition of soil. The conclusions of this work will be highly valuable as important guidelines for agriculture, and the results of the PTE contents will provide a scientific basis for soil collection in future studies.     

传统图形元素在食用菌包装创意设计中的运用

通过研究食用菌包装中传统图形元素的创意设计,可以使食用菌产品与现代消费者的需求更加贴合,进一步拓展食用菌消费市场。融合地域特色传统文化,满足现代人的审美观念,对传统图形元素进行有效创新,并使用科学的方法进行设计,更好的凸显地域特色文化内涵。     

草地贪夜蛾缅甸虫源迁入中国的路径分析

草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda(J.E. Smith)对非洲和南亚国家的入侵已对全球粮食安全造成重大影响,该虫2018年年底已在缅甸形成虫源基地,并零星进入中国云南西南部地区。本文利用历史数据分析了缅甸和华南地区春、夏两季(3-8月)925 hPa夜间平均风温场,并模拟预测了缅甸地区草地贪夜蛾在此期间进入中国的迁飞轨迹以及主要降落和波及的地区。结果表明:3-4月盛行的微弱西风不利于远距离迁移,但成虫的自主飞行可形成对云南和广西局部地区的近距离入侵;进入5月份后,随着西南夏季风的加强,云南和广西全境成为缅甸虫源的主要迁入地,并可能波及贵州、广东、海南和湖南等省。因此,4月份之前要重点监控云南和广西地区草地贪夜蛾的发生与为害,此后,应将监控区域扩大至中国中南部地区的各个省份。     

Migration strategies of brown trout (Salmo trutta) in a subarctic river system as revealed by stable isotope analysis

We estimated the proportions of anadromous and freshwater‐resident brown trout (Salmo trutta) in different parts of the subarctic River Näätämöjoki/Neidenelva system (Finland and Norway) using carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen stable isotope analyses of archived scales as identifiers of migration strategy. Our results showed that carbon stable isotope values were the best predictor of migration strategy. Most individuals fell into two clearly distinct groups representing anadromous (47%) or freshwater‐resident (42%) individuals, but some fish had intermediate carbon values suggesting repeated movement between freshwater and the sea. The proportion of anadromous individuals decreased steadily with distance from the sea forming a spatial continuum in migration strategies which is probably maintained by the combination of several factors such as divergent availability of food resources, variable migration costs and genetic differences. These within‐catchment differences in migration strategies should be taken into account in fisheries management practices.